{
  "record": {
    "id": "0a4748497658ff0f",
    "code": "PAI-0A474849",
    "force": "Ministry of Public Security (national)",
    "country": "China",
    "country_code": "cn",
    "is_country": true,
    "region": "China",
    "technology": "Skynet / Sharp Eyes camera and facial recognition network",
    "technology_slug": "skynet-sharp-eyes",
    "vendor": "Multiple domestic manufacturers",
    "vendor_slug": "",
    "programme": "",
    "status": "operational",
    "stage": "in-use",
    "evidence": "journalism",
    "evidence_is_claim": false,
    "since": "2005",
    "legal_basis": "State mandate; no independent judicial authorisation process reported",
    "oversight": "None independent identified; internal Communist Party and state administration only",
    "notes": "A national video surveillance infrastructure linked to the Ministry of Public Security, combining facial recognition with large-scale camera networks. Skynet dates from the mid-2000s as the urban system; Sharp Eyes is the rural and community extension, notable for integrating street-level and private or household cameras into wider monitoring platforms.\n\nA regulatory split emerged in 2025 and 2026 that is worth recording precisely because of what it does not cover. The Cyberspace Administration and Ministry of Public Security's Measures for the Security Management of Facial Recognition Technology Applications took effect on 1 June 2025, and a 2026 enforcement campaign has restricted forced commercial face scanning, with fines issued to businesses. Police systems are untouched by it. The regulation constrains private-sector use while leaving state surveillance capability intact.\n\nLe Monde reported in April 2026 on public security cameras automatically identifying ordinary citizens for minor traffic infractions in Shanghai, and noted there is no official national camera count. Figures of 600 to 700 million cameras circulating in secondary coverage are estimates and should be treated as such.\n\nThis entry rests substantially on human rights researchers and investigative journalism operating under significant state restriction on information. That caveat is as important as the entry itself.",
    "source": "IPVM technical analysis; Georgetown CSET; Brookings Institution",
    "source_url": "https://ipvm.com/reports/sharpeyes",
    "last_checked": "2026-08-20",
    "record_url": "https://www.policeainews.com/tracker/record/0a4748497658ff0f"
  },
  "licence": "https://www.policeainews.com/data#licence"
}